GEOL 318: Structural Geology

Geology · 5 credits

An overview of deformation in the earth's crust and introduction to tools for analysis of geologic structures. Topics include geometry and development of faults, folds and rock fabrics; stress, strain, and rheology; interpretation of geologic maps and cross sections. Field and laboratory exercises are major components.

Offered in 19 of the 26 listed terms (Winter 2021 to Spring 2027).

Catalog entry Browse Classes Textbooks (WWU Bookstore)

Prerequisites

(GEOL 211A or HNRS 212 or GEOL 211) and (GEOL 212 or GEOL 311) and (PHYS 114 or PHYS 121 or PHYS 161)

Prerequisite tree

Each course's own prerequisites, down to the first courses in the chain.

GEOL 211A Physical Geology Review
requires (MATH 114 or MATH 115 or MATH 118 or MATH 124 or MATH 125 or MATH 134 or MATH 135 or MATH 138 or MATH 156 or MATH 157 or MPT - Advanced - Scaled Score, score 149 or Pre-Calculus 2 (PC2), score 1.70 or MPT General - Scaled Score, score 158 or Precalculus AP Exam (AP65), score 4 or Calculus AB AP Exam (AP66), score 2 or Calculus BC AP Exam (AP68), score 3 or Calc AB Subscore AP Exm (AP69), score 2 or Pre-Calculus (PC), score 1.70 or Pre-Calculus 1 (PC1), score 1.70 or ALEKS Math Placement Assessmnt, score 65) and (GEOL 101 (minimum grade B-) or HNRS 158 or HNRS 212 or SCED 202 (minimum grade B-))
- MATH 114 Precalculus I
  requires MPT General - Scaled Score, score 153 or MPT - Advanced - Scaled Score, score 143 or ALEKS Math Placement Assessmnt, score 55 or MATH 112 or Precalculus AP Exam (AP65), score 3 or College Algebra (CA), score 1.70 or Pre-Calculus 1 (PC1), score 1.70
  - MATH 112 Functions and Algebraic Methods
    requires MPT - Advanced - Scaled Score, score 143 or MATH 099 (minimum grade YP) or College Algebra (CA), score 1.70 or Intermediate Algebra (IA), score 1.70 or MPT General - Scaled Score, score 148 or ALEKS Math Placement Assessmnt, score 35 or Precalculus AP Exam (AP65), score 2 or MATH 197C (minimum grade S) or MATH 109 (minimum grade S)
    - MATH 099 Introductory Algebra
      requires ALEKS Math Placement Assessmnt, score 1
    - MATH 197C Support Topics for Functions and Algebraic Methods
      requires ALEKS Math Placement Assessmnt, score 30
    - MATH 109 Support for Functions and Algebraic Methods
      requires ALEKS Math Placement Assessmnt, score 30
- MATH 115 Precalculus II
  requires MATH 114 or Precalculus AP Exam (AP65), score 4 or ALEKS Math Placement Assessmnt, score 65
  - MATH 114 Precalculus I (shown above)
- MATH 118 Accelerated Precalculus
  requires MPT General - Scaled Score, score 158 or MPT - Advanced - Scaled Score, score 149 or Precalculus AP Exam (AP65), score 4 or Calculus AB AP Exam (AP66), score 2 or Calculus BC AP Exam (AP68), score 3 or Calc AB Subscore AP Exm (AP69), score 2 or ALEKS Math Placement Assessmnt, score 70
- MATH 124 Calculus and Analytic Geometry I
  requires MPT - Advanced - Scaled Score, score 153 or MATH 115 or MATH 118 or Precalculus AP Exam (AP65), score 5 or Calculus BC AP Exam (AP68), score 3 or Calculus AB AP Exam (AP66), score 2 or Calc AB Subscore AP Exm (AP69), score 2 or Pre-Calculus 2 (PC2), score 2.30 or ALEKS Math Placement Assessmnt, score 80
  - MATH 115 Precalculus II (shown above)
  - MATH 118 Accelerated Precalculus (shown above)
- MATH 125 Calculus and Analytic Geometry II
  requires MATH 124 or MATH 134 or Calculus AB AP Exam (AP66), score 4 or Calculus BC AP Exam (AP68), score 3 or Calc AB Subscore AP Exm (AP69), score 4
  - MATH 124 Calculus and Analytic Geometry I (shown above)
  - MATH 134 Calculus I Honors
    requires MATH 115 (minimum grade A) or MATH 118 (minimum grade A) or Math Placement - Advanced 2, score 20 or Precalculus AP Exam (AP65), score 5
    - MATH 115 Precalculus II (shown above)
    - MATH 118 Accelerated Precalculus (shown above)
- MATH 134 Calculus I Honors
  requires MATH 115 (minimum grade A) or MATH 118 (minimum grade A) or Math Placement - Advanced 2, score 20 or Precalculus AP Exam (AP65), score 5
  - MATH 115 Precalculus II (shown above)
  - MATH 118 Accelerated Precalculus (shown above)
- MATH 135 Calculus II Honors
- MATH 138 Accelerated Calculus
  requires Calculus AB AP Exam (AP66), score 4 or Calculus BC AP Exam (AP68), score 3 or Calc AB Subscore AP Exm (AP69), score 4 or (Calculus BC AP Exam (AP68), score 2 and Calc AB Subscore AP Exm (AP69), score 3)
- MATH 156 Algebra With Applications to Business and Economics
  requires MPT General - Scaled Score, score 152 or MPT - Advanced - Scaled Score, score 143 or ALEKS Math Placement Assessmnt, score 55 or Precalculus AP Exam (AP65), score 3 or College Algebra (CA), score 1.70 or Pre-Calculus 1 (PC1), score 1.70 or MATH 112
  - MATH 112 Functions and Algebraic Methods (shown above)
- MATH 157 Calculus with Applications to Business and Economics
  requires MPT - Advanced - Scaled Score, score 148 or MATH 156 or MATH 114 or MATH 118 or Pre-Calculus 2 (PC2), score 2.30 or ALEKS Math Placement Assessmnt, score 65 or Pre-Calculus 1 (PC1), score 2.3 or Pre-Calculus (PC), score 2.3 or Precalculus AP Exam (AP65), score 4 or Calculus AB AP Exam (AP66), score 2 or Calculus BC AP Exam (AP68), score 3 or Calc AB Subscore AP Exm (AP69), score 2
  - MATH 156 Algebra With Applications to Business and Economics (shown above)
  - MATH 114 Precalculus I (shown above)
  - MATH 118 Accelerated Precalculus (shown above)
- GEOL 101 Introduction to Geology
  requires MATH 107 or MATH 108 or MATH 112 or MATH 114 or MATH 115 or MATH 118 or MATH 124 or MATH 125 or MATH 134 or MATH 135 or MATH 138 or MATH 156 or MATH 157 or MPT - Advanced - Scaled Score, score 143 or Pre-Calculus 1 (PC1), score 1.70 or MPT General - Scaled Score, score 153 or Precalculus AP Exam (AP65), score 2 or Calculus AB AP Exam (AP66), score 2 or Calculus BC AP Exam (AP68), score 3 or Statistics AP Exam, score 3 or Calc AB Subscore AP Exm (AP69), score 2 or Pre-Calculus (PC), score 1.70 or Pre-Calculus 2 (PC2), score 1.70 or College Algebra (CA), score 1.70 or ALEKS Math Placement Assessmnt, score 30
  - MATH 107 Mathematical Reasoning and Its Applications
    requires MATH 099 (minimum grade YP) or MATH 112 or MPT General - Scaled Score, score 145 or MPT - Advanced - Scaled Score, score 143 or College Algebra (CA), score 1.70 or Intermediate Algebra (IA), score 1.70 or ALEKS Math Placement Assessmnt, score 25 or Precalculus AP Exam (AP65), score 2
    - MATH 099 Introductory Algebra (shown above)
    - MATH 112 Functions and Algebraic Methods (shown above)
  - MATH 108 Math Applications & Reasoning
    requires MATH 099 (minimum grade YP) or MATH 112 or MPT General - Scaled Score, score 145 or MPT - Advanced - Scaled Score, score 143 or College Algebra (CA), score 1.70 or Intermediate Algebra (IA), score 1.70 or ALEKS Math Placement Assessmnt, score 25 or Precalculus AP Exam (AP65), score 2
    - MATH 099 Introductory Algebra (shown above)
    - MATH 112 Functions and Algebraic Methods (shown above)
  - MATH 112 Functions and Algebraic Methods (shown above)
  - MATH 114 Precalculus I (shown above)
  - MATH 115 Precalculus II (shown above)
  - MATH 118 Accelerated Precalculus (shown above)
  - MATH 124 Calculus and Analytic Geometry I (shown above)
  - MATH 125 Calculus and Analytic Geometry II (shown above)
  - MATH 134 Calculus I Honors (shown above)
  - MATH 135 Calculus II Honors (shown above)
  - MATH 138 Accelerated Calculus (shown above)
  - MATH 156 Algebra With Applications to Business and Economics (shown above)
  - MATH 157 Calculus with Applications to Business and Economics (shown above)
- HNRS 212 Colloquium in Geology
  requires MATH 114 or MATH 115 or MATH 118 or MATH 124 or MATH 125 or MATH 134 or MATH 135 or MATH 138 or MATH 156 or MATH 157 or Precalculus AP Exam (AP65), score 4 or Calculus AB AP Exam (AP66), score 2 or Calculus BC AP Exam (AP68), score 3 or Calc AB Subscore AP Exm (AP69), score 2 or Pre-Calculus (PC), score 1.70 or Pre-Calculus 1 (PC1), score 1.70 or Pre-Calculus 2 (PC2), score 1.70 or ALEKS Math Placement Assessmnt, score 65 or MPT General - Scaled Score, score 158 or MPT - Advanced - Scaled Score, score 149
  - MATH 114 Precalculus I (shown above)
  - MATH 115 Precalculus II (shown above)
  - MATH 118 Accelerated Precalculus (shown above)
  - MATH 124 Calculus and Analytic Geometry I (shown above)
  - MATH 125 Calculus and Analytic Geometry II (shown above)
  - MATH 134 Calculus I Honors (shown above)
  - MATH 135 Calculus II Honors (shown above)
  - MATH 138 Accelerated Calculus (shown above)
  - MATH 156 Algebra With Applications to Business and Economics (shown above)
  - MATH 157 Calculus with Applications to Business and Economics (shown above)
- SCED 202 Matter and Energy in Earth Systems
HNRS 212 Colloquium in Geology
requires MATH 114 or MATH 115 or MATH 118 or MATH 124 or MATH 125 or MATH 134 or MATH 135 or MATH 138 or MATH 156 or MATH 157 or Precalculus AP Exam (AP65), score 4 or Calculus AB AP Exam (AP66), score 2 or Calculus BC AP Exam (AP68), score 3 or Calc AB Subscore AP Exm (AP69), score 2 or Pre-Calculus (PC), score 1.70 or Pre-Calculus 1 (PC1), score 1.70 or Pre-Calculus 2 (PC2), score 1.70 or ALEKS Math Placement Assessmnt, score 65 or MPT General - Scaled Score, score 158 or MPT - Advanced - Scaled Score, score 149
- MATH 114 Precalculus I (shown above)
- MATH 115 Precalculus II (shown above)
- MATH 118 Accelerated Precalculus (shown above)
- MATH 124 Calculus and Analytic Geometry I (shown above)
- MATH 125 Calculus and Analytic Geometry II (shown above)
- MATH 134 Calculus I Honors (shown above)
- MATH 135 Calculus II Honors (shown above)
- MATH 138 Accelerated Calculus (shown above)
- MATH 156 Algebra With Applications to Business and Economics (shown above)
- MATH 157 Calculus with Applications to Business and Economics (shown above)
GEOL 211 Physical Geology
requires MATH 114 or MATH 115 or MATH 118 or MATH 124 or MATH 125 or MATH 134 or MATH 135 or MATH 138 or MATH 156 or MATH 157 or MPT General - Scaled Score, score 158 or MPT - Advanced - Scaled Score, score 149 or Pre-Calculus 2 (PC2), score 1.70 or Precalculus AP Exam (AP65), score 4 or Calculus AB AP Exam (AP66), score 2 or Calculus BC AP Exam (AP68), score 3 or Calc AB Subscore AP Exm (AP69), score 2 or Pre-Calculus (PC), score 1.70 or Pre-Calculus 1 (PC1), score 1.70 or ALEKS Math Placement Assessmnt, score 65
- MATH 114 Precalculus I (shown above)
- MATH 115 Precalculus II (shown above)
- MATH 118 Accelerated Precalculus (shown above)
- MATH 124 Calculus and Analytic Geometry I (shown above)
- MATH 125 Calculus and Analytic Geometry II (shown above)
- MATH 134 Calculus I Honors (shown above)
- MATH 135 Calculus II Honors (shown above)
- MATH 138 Accelerated Calculus (shown above)
- MATH 156 Algebra With Applications to Business and Economics (shown above)
- MATH 157 Calculus with Applications to Business and Economics (shown above)
GEOL 212 Historical Geology
requires (GEOL 211 or HNRS 212 or GEOL 211A) and (MATH 114 or MATH 115 or MATH 118 or MATH 124 or MATH 125 or MATH 134 or MATH 135 or MATH 138 or MATH 156 or MATH 157 or Precalculus AP Exam (AP65), score 4 or Calculus AB AP Exam (AP66), score 2 or Calculus BC AP Exam (AP68), score 3 or Calc AB Subscore AP Exm (AP69), score 2 or Pre-Calculus (PC), score 1.70 or Pre-Calculus 1 (PC1), score 1.70 or Pre-Calculus 2 (PC2), score 1.70 or ALEKS Math Placement Assessmnt, score 65)
- GEOL 211 Physical Geology (shown above)
- HNRS 212 Colloquium in Geology (shown above)
- GEOL 211A Physical Geology Review (shown above)
- MATH 114 Precalculus I (shown above)
- MATH 115 Precalculus II (shown above)
- MATH 118 Accelerated Precalculus (shown above)
- MATH 124 Calculus and Analytic Geometry I (shown above)
- MATH 125 Calculus and Analytic Geometry II (shown above)
- MATH 134 Calculus I Honors (shown above)
- MATH 135 Calculus II Honors (shown above)
- MATH 138 Accelerated Calculus (shown above)
- MATH 156 Algebra With Applications to Business and Economics (shown above)
- MATH 157 Calculus with Applications to Business and Economics (shown above)
GEOL 311 Earth Materials
requires (GEOL 211 or HNRS 212 or GEOL 211A or SCED 202) and (CHEM 121 or CHEM 161 or CHEM 122 or CHEM 162 or CHEM 123 or CHEM 163 or CHEM 125 or CHEM 175 or CHEM 126 or CHEM 176 or CHEM 225 or SCED 204)
- GEOL 211 Physical Geology (shown above)
- HNRS 212 Colloquium in Geology (shown above)
- GEOL 211A Physical Geology Review (shown above)
- SCED 202 Matter and Energy in Earth Systems (shown above)
- CHEM 161 General Chemistry I
  requires MATH 114 or MATH 156 or MATH 118 or MATH 124 or MATH 125 or MATH 134 or MATH 135 or MATH 138 or MATH 115 or MATH 157 or MPT - Advanced - Scaled Score, score 149 or MPT General - Scaled Score, score 158 or Precalculus AP Exam (AP65), score 4 or Calculus AB AP Exam (AP66), score 2 or Calculus BC AP Exam (AP68), score 3 or Calc AB Subscore AP Exm (AP69), score 2 or Pre-Calculus 1 (PC1), score 1.70 or Pre-Calculus 2 (PC2), score 1.70 or Pre-Calculus (PC), score 1.70 or ALEKS Math Placement Assessmnt, score 65
  - MATH 114 Precalculus I (shown above)
  - MATH 156 Algebra With Applications to Business and Economics (shown above)
  - MATH 118 Accelerated Precalculus (shown above)
  - MATH 124 Calculus and Analytic Geometry I (shown above)
  - MATH 125 Calculus and Analytic Geometry II (shown above)
  - MATH 134 Calculus I Honors (shown above)
  - MATH 135 Calculus II Honors (shown above)
  - MATH 138 Accelerated Calculus (shown above)
  - MATH 115 Precalculus II (shown above)
  - MATH 157 Calculus with Applications to Business and Economics (shown above)
- CHEM 162 General Chemistry II
  requires CHEM 121 or CHEM 161
  - CHEM 161 General Chemistry I (shown above)
- CHEM 163 General Chemistry III
  requires CHEM 122 or CHEM 162
  - CHEM 162 General Chemistry II (shown above)
- CHEM 175 General Chemistry I, Honors
  requires MATH 114 or MATH 115 or MATH 118 or MATH 124 or MATH 125 or MATH 134 or MATH 135 or MATH 138 or MATH 156 or MATH 157 or Pre-Calculus 1 (PC1), score 1.70 or Pre-Calculus 2 (PC2), score 1.70 or Pre-Calculus (PC), score 1.70 or Precalculus AP Exam (AP65), score 4 or Calculus AB AP Exam (AP66), score 2 or Calculus BC AP Exam (AP68), score 3 or Calc AB Subscore AP Exm (AP69), score 2 or MPT General - Scaled Score, score 158 or MPT - Advanced - Scaled Score, score 149 or ALEKS Math Placement Assessmnt, score 65
  - MATH 114 Precalculus I (shown above)
  - MATH 115 Precalculus II (shown above)
  - MATH 118 Accelerated Precalculus (shown above)
  - MATH 124 Calculus and Analytic Geometry I (shown above)
  - MATH 125 Calculus and Analytic Geometry II (shown above)
  - MATH 134 Calculus I Honors (shown above)
  - MATH 135 Calculus II Honors (shown above)
  - MATH 138 Accelerated Calculus (shown above)
  - MATH 156 Algebra With Applications to Business and Economics (shown above)
  - MATH 157 Calculus with Applications to Business and Economics (shown above)
- CHEM 176 General Chemistry II, Honors
  requires CHEM 175
  - CHEM 175 General Chemistry I, Honors (shown above)
- CHEM 225 General Chemistry III, Honors
  requires CHEM 126 or CHEM 176
  - CHEM 176 General Chemistry II, Honors (shown above)
- SCED 204 Matter and Energy in Chemical Systems
PHYS 114 Principles of Physics I
requires MATH 115 or MATH 118 or MATH 124 or MATH 134 or MATH 138 or MATH 157 or MPT - Advanced - Scaled Score, score 153 or Pre-Calculus 2 (PC2), score 1.70 or Precalculus AP Exam (AP65), score 5 or Calculus AB AP Exam (AP66), score 2 or Calculus BC AP Exam (AP68), score 3 or Calc AB Subscore AP Exm (AP69), score 2 or ALEKS Math Placement Assessmnt, score 80
- MATH 115 Precalculus II (shown above)
- MATH 118 Accelerated Precalculus (shown above)
- MATH 124 Calculus and Analytic Geometry I (shown above)
- MATH 134 Calculus I Honors (shown above)
- MATH 138 Accelerated Calculus (shown above)
- MATH 157 Calculus with Applications to Business and Economics (shown above)
PHYS 161 Physics with Calculus I
requires MATH 124 or MATH 134 or MATH 138 or Calculus AB AP Exam (AP66), score 3 or Calculus BC AP Exam (AP68), score 3 or Calc AB Subscore AP Exm (AP69), score 3
- MATH 124 Calculus and Analytic Geometry I (shown above)
- MATH 134 Calculus I Honors (shown above)
- MATH 138 Accelerated Calculus (shown above)

From Banner's catalog for Spring 2027. Banner lists only the requisites it enforces, so check the catalog entry too.

Required by (20)

GEOL 397G, GEOL 409, GEOL 412, GEOL 425, GEOL 450, GEOL 451, GEOL 454, GEOL 456, GEOL 457, GEOL 463, GEOL 470, GEOL 497A, GEOL 497B, GEOL 497C, GEOL 512, GEOL 525, GEOL 550, GEOL 554, GEOL 556, GEOL 557

What it leads to

Courses that list it as a prerequisite, then the courses that list those, 2 levels deep.

GEOL 397G Geological Field Methods
GEOL 409 Field Methods and Theory
GEOL 412 Tectonic Geomorphology
GEOL 425 Advanced Metamorphic Petrology
GEOL 450 Advanced Structural Geology
GEOL 451 Active Tectonics Seminar
GEOL 454 Magnetic Fabrics and Geologic Processes
GEOL 456 Orogenic Belts
GEOL 457 Practical Paleomagnetism
GEOL 463 Introduction to Seismology
GEOL 470 Landslides and Slope Stability
GEOL 497A Lab Camp: Marine Sedimentary Processes
GEOL 497B Lab Camp: Quaternary Geomorphic Processes
GEOL 497C Lab Camp: Tectonics Processes
GEOL 512 Tectonic Geomorphology
GEOL 525 Advanced Metamorphic Petrology
GEOL 550 Advanced Structural Geology
GEOL 554 Magnetic Fabrics and Geologic Processes
GEOL 556 Orogenic Belts
GEOL 557 Practical Paleomagnetism

Syllabi and course websites

None listed yet.

Suggest a syllabus link

Instructors

Instructor	Sections	Terms
Betka, Paul	7	Fall 2023 to Winter 2027
Amos, Colin	5	Spring 2021 to Winter 2026
Garcia Lasanta, Cristina	5	Winter 2021 to Spring 2027
Schermer, Liz	2	Fall 2021 to Fall 2022

Every offering in the listed terms (19 sections)

Term	Sec	CRN	Type	Meets	Instructor	Enrolled	Delivery
Spring 2027	0	21459	Lecture/Lab	MW 1:00pm-3:50pm · ES 218	Garcia Lasanta, Cristina	0/20	Face to Face Instruction
Winter 2027	0	10176	Lecture/Lab	TR 9:00am-11:50am · ES 213	Betka, Paul	0/20	Face to Face Instruction
Fall 2026	0	42801	Lecture/Lab	M 1:00pm-3:50pm · ES 218 W 1:00pm-4:50pm · ES 218	Betka, Paul	21/20	Face to Face Instruction
Spring 2026	0	21609	Lecture/Lab	MW 10:00am-12:50pm · ES 218	Betka, Paul	17/20	Face to Face Instruction
Winter 2026	0	10191	Lecture/Lab	TR 9:00am-11:50am · ES 213	Amos, Colin	20/20	Face to Face Instruction
Fall 2025	0	43654	Lecture/Lab	TR 11:00am-1:50pm · ES 218	Betka, Paul	19/20	Face to Face Instruction
Spring 2025	0	21736	Lecture/Lab	TR 11:00am-1:50pm · ES 218	Betka, Paul	19/20	Face to Face Instruction
Winter 2025	0	10196	Lecture/Lab	TR 9:00am-11:50am · ES 213	Garcia Lasanta, Cristina	18/20	Face to Face Instruction
Spring 2024	0	22103	Lecture/Lab	MW 1:00pm-3:50pm · ES 218	Betka, Paul	17/20	Face to Face Instruction
Winter 2024	0	10233	Lecture/Lab	TR 9:00am-11:50am · ES 213	Amos, Colin	16/20	Face to Face Instruction
Fall 2023	0	43264	Lecture/Lab	MWF 2:00pm-3:50pm · ES 218	Betka, Paul	10/20	Face to Face Instruction
Spring 2023	0	22314	Lecture/Lab	MWF 1:00pm-2:50pm · ES 218	Garcia Lasanta, Cristina	16/20	Face to Face Instruction
Winter 2023	0	10238	Lecture/Lab	TR 9:00am-11:50am · ES 213	Amos, Colin	19/20	Face to Face Instruction
Fall 2022	F25	42963	Lecture/Lab	TBA	Schermer, Liz	8/13	Face to Face Instruction
Spring 2022	0	22566	Lecture/Lab	MWF 1:00pm-2:50pm · ES 213	Garcia Lasanta, Cristina	20/20	Face to Face Instruction
Winter 2022	0	10263	Lecture/Lab	TR 9:00am-11:50am · ES 213	Amos, Colin	19/20	Face to Face Instruction
Fall 2021	F25	43957	Lecture/Lab	TBA · ES OFC	Schermer, Liz	13/13	Face to Face Instruction
Spring 2021	0	23007	Lecture/Lab	WF 1:00pm-2:50pm · REMOTE SYNC TBA · REMOTE ASNC	Amos, Colin	11/20	Face to Face Instruction
Winter 2021	0	10279	Lecture/Lab	TR 9:00am-11:50am · REMOTE SYNC	Garcia Lasanta, Cristina	21/20	Face to Face Instruction